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In order to fully understand and accurately calculate the cost structure and income situation of cotton production in the county, the cotton association of Sheyang County started the cotton field preparation last winter, that is, the consumption and real time price of all kinds of means of production such as seed rents, apportionment, agricultural machinery depreciation, seed, pesticide, fertilizer, nursery stock and so on.

In the year

I. production costs

In 2010, the total cost of cotton planting in the county, including labor input, was 1218.5 yuan, an increase of 203.40 yuan over the previous year of 1015.10 yuan, an increase of 20.03%.

(1) fixed costs.

Including land rent (contract fee), apportionment, water charges and depreciation of agricultural machinery, the total expenditure was 77.90 yuan, an increase of 4.38 yuan over the previous year of 73.52 yuan, an increase of 5.96%.

1, land rent and apportionment.

The figure was 61.04 yuan, an increase of 4.6 yuan over the previous year of 56.44 yuan, an increase of 8.15%.

Land rent.

In the cotton planting households surveyed, apart from buying up the right to plantation, the rent of the outsourced fields dropped from 200 yuan to 150 yuan last year, but the increase in the subcontracting area increased the average rent to 30.14 yuan.

2. Apportionment, though this year, some villages have reduced the standard of hand in.

However, most villages remained at the level of the previous year, and the average household survey was 30.90 yuan.

2, water charges.

The payment standard for last year is still implemented, and cotton field is 9 yuan per mu.

However, the water charges in the field shall be borne by the contractor in the land rent collected by the contractor, and the Contractor shall not bear the burden, so the water charge actually charged by the cotton farmers is 6.36 yuan.

3, agricultural machinery depreciation.

As the number of mist sprayer increases and the film spreading machine can only be used for pplanting in cotton fields.

(two) materialization input.

It is mainly seed, fertilizer, pesticide, plastic film and seedling materials. The total expenditure is 349.12 yuan, an increase of 58.82 yuan over last year's 290.30, an increase of 20.26%.

1, cotton seeds.

In 2 and March this year, we investigated 31 cotton varieties in the county, and 8 large series of 55 cotton varieties listed on sale, of which 80% were 50 yuan for each package (bag and barrel), 10% for 45 and 55 yuan respectively.

From a phenomenal point of view, this price basically stabilized at the same level in the same period last year.

We looked through the relevant information. 07 years ago, any small package of insect resistant hybrid cotton or pgenic insect resistant hybrid cotton velvet coating was produced, no matter where it was produced, the unit packaging was 350 grams.

Since the beginning of 08 years, there have been 325 grams of packaging in the market, but there are not many varieties.

In the 09 year, most varieties were packed in 325 grams, and 300 grams appeared.

Although there are 350 grams of packaging this year, most varieties are only 300 grams, with a minimum of 280 grams.

Of the 55 varieties surveyed, only 8 remained in the 350 grams, accounting for 14.54% of the survey; 2 of 350 grams, 3.64%; 325 grams of 1, accounting for 1.82%; 320 grams of 320 grams, accounting for 1;

Weighted average, each package is only 310 grams.

Because the germination rate is only about 75%, and after planting, the temperature is low, the accumulated temperature in the bed is insufficient, and the rotten seeds appear. The actual seed consumption per mu reaches 340 grams, and the cost of using seed is increased by 6.35% over the previous year of 46.60 yuan, reaching 49.56 yuan.

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2, fertilizer.

This year, the county's production of all the means of production shops, chemical fertilizer stocks are still relatively abundant.

Affected by last year's high storage price, there are not many cotton farmers who purchase fertilizers in the off-season.

In the three District village, Haitong Town, the village of Haitong Town, Huimin Town, Huimin and western suburbs, we have seen the sales of all kinds of fertilizers in the same period.

3. Pesticides.

Over the years, all varieties selected for cotton planting in the county are insect resistant cotton. In recent years, the drawbacks of single resistance have appeared.

That is to say, insect resistant cotton only has some resistance to chewing insects such as pink bollworm and the two or three generation of Helicoverpa armigera, but it has no effect on the four generation of Helicoverpa armigera and its sucking pests such as Aphis gossypii, bugs and Bemisia tabaci.

Therefore, most cotton growers choose pesticides such as "medicine bully", "King" and "dark horse" this year.

According to the survey, the effectiveness of these drugs is obvious, and the dosage of drugs has also been reduced.

Cotton farmers responded when we investigated in Xingqiao Hongxing and couplet Gate East. Although the number of times used in the cotton field decreased this year, it was still around 10 times. The dosage of the cotton field decreased by nearly 1/3 compared with the previous years. However, the consumption of medicine increased compared with the previous year. With the increase of ripener's usage and Mu consumption, it reached 115.16 yuan per mu, a net increase of 35.76 yuan over the previous year, an increase of 45.04%.

4, nursery stock and pplanting membrane.

This year's conventional nursery supplies are only partially purchased because of stents, films and so on, and the price varies little. The cost of Mu field consumption is basically around 10 yuan, unchanged from last year.

However, the area of plastic film pplanting cotton increased by nearly 20 percentage points over the previous year, which greatly increased the amount of plastic film.

On average, the average price of the film used in the field is about 1.4 kg per mu, and the average price is 13.50 yuan, which is 8% higher than that of the previous year's 12.50 yuan.

According to the actual cotton planting area of 450 thousand acres in the county, the average film consumption per mu is 0.7 kg, and the cost of pplanting membrane is 9.40 yuan, an increase of 2.67 yuan over the previous year of 6.73 yuan, an increase of 39.76%.

(three) labor employment.

In 2010, the county's cotton planting per mu, including the cost of employing workers and the operating cost of motor cattle, reached 791.48 yuan, an increase of 140.18 yuan over the previous year, an increase of 21.2%.

1. The required working days.

According to the conventional workload, the number of workers needed to plant cotton is about 25 this year.

Among them: 1. Preparation for sowing time.

It includes 4 fields: Winter turnover in field, seedbed arrangement, seeding and so on.

It is mainly seedbed management, field finishing, film laying, pplanting and planting 3 workers;

During this period, various fields such as weeding, soil prevention, disease prevention, pest control, soil reclamation, root dressing, fertilizer topdressing, pruning and topping were employed in the field management, with the largest number of workers, reaching 10.5.

It mainly takes 7.5 working days for picking and clearing fields.

In fact, the average amount of money paid is 24.05 yuan and 745.55 yuan respectively.

2, unit price per worker day.

County Cotton Association in accordance with the county's rural per capita net income last year 7642 yuan, multiplied by the rural labor force population burden coefficient 1.3, divided by the annual labor days 320 of the calculation method, determined that this year cotton farmers self investment work unit price is 31 yuan.

3, hire costs.

In the cotton production process, there are two types of Huxing that need to hire helpers.

First, the planting area is relatively large. For some relatively concentrated farming activities, such as making bowls, pplanting and picking, they must be called workers.

Two, the labor force is thin. For some heavy physical activities, such as turning over the winter, digging up the soil moisture, and curing worms, it is impossible for them to complete their work.

The average labor cost this year is 60 yuan, an increase of 20% over the previous year.

In particular, called the "cotton", usually 1.50 yuan per kilogram at the peak of the boll opening period, but in the later period, the cotton bolting was not smooth because of the weather, and the daily production decreased, and then changed to day labor. At most, 50-60 kilograms a day, raising the labor price to more than 1 yuan per catty.

However, the total number of employees is not too much. According to the survey households, the average cost of labor and labor in the county is 40.53 yuan, and the operating cost of motor cattle is 5.40 yuan, accounting for 45.93 yuan.

Two. Income {page_break}

1, seed cotton sale.

According to the investigation of cotton production association and county production station in September 10th, and the statistics of cotton picking and selling and acquisition by new cotton post Cotton Association, there is a big difference between the households. The yield per mu per mu is 275 kg, but the low household is only 162 kg.

Except for some cotton farmers who keep a small amount of cotton for sale, the rest are sold as commodity cotton.

The county's social purchasing volume reached 96 thousand and 500 tons, and the Mu level was 214 kilograms, which was basically consistent with the survey households' sales volume, an increase of 30 kg over the previous 184 kg, an increase of 16.3%.

2, the purchase price.

This year, the purchase price of new cotton in the whole county is stable and high.

Before the national day, the acquisition of enterprises has not yet started. Cotton brokers first went to the door to purchase, and the other cotton (which was affected by rainy weather in mid August after continuous rain for many days) was basically priced at around 6.80 yuan per kilogram (the same below).

With the improvement of cotton quality, prices are rising every day.

From October 1st to October 10th, the average purchase price of cotton seed was 329, 429 and 527, and the average cotton price was 36%. The purchase price of seed cotton with moisture regain 11-12% was 10.80 yuan, 10.60 yuan and 10.20 yuan respectively. The weighted average was 10.50 yuan, which was 4.20 yuan higher than 6.30 yuan in the same period last year.

From October 11th to October 15th, the clothing price of 329 and 429 grade was 36%, and the seed cotton price with 11% moisture regain increased to 11.36 yuan and 11.10 yuan per kilogram. The weighted average was about 11.15 yuan, which was 4.35 yuan higher than 6.80 yuan in the same period last year, or 64%.

In early November, cotton prices rose to 14.20 yuan, 13.60 yuan and 12.80 yuan respectively.

In mid November, under the control of a series of policies and measures such as the state's control of excessive price growth, cotton prices dropped sharply, but the average price was still around 11.60 yuan.

After entering December, the purchase of cotton in the county has entered the finishing stage. From the appearance, cotton prices have dropped a lot, but at this stage cotton quality and clothing share are not as good as before. Even in the normal year, the price of cotton in the city has also declined a lot, but the average price is still around 9.60 yuan at this time.

After the end of the cotton purchase, the county cotton association also made some investigations on the average price of the acquisition and sale of cotton farmers.

The average purchase price of an enterprise is weighted according to the takeover report, and the average bid price this year is 11.72 yuan.

Cotton growers earn most of the cotton growers because they sell flowers at their own doors, which is 0.88 yuan less than the direct sale to the main factory. The average price of the actual income is 10.84 yuan, an increase of 4.24 yuan over the previous year of 6.60 yuan, an increase of 64.2%.

3, cotton planting proceeds.

The survey shows that the direct income of cotton growers for cotton planting is 2319.76 yuan this year, plus the fact that 12.10 yuan (12.10 yuan) is subsidized by the national subsidy (the subsidy for the field is 15 yuan). The total cost of the package is 2331.86 yuan, excluding the total expenditure of fixed expenditure, physical and chemical input, labor and labor. The net income is 1113.36 yuan, and the income from self employed workers is 1858.91 yuan, which is increased by 869.56 yuan and 976.71 yuan respectively, compared with the 234.80 yuan income of the same caliber in 2009 and the income from workers.