China Cotton Association: The Average Yield Per Unit Area Of Cotton In China Is The Year Of Increasing Production

According to the survey of 61 meteorological stations in 201 cotton producing counties in 13 cotton producing provinces (regions), the comprehensive climate suitability index of cotton growing areas in China is appropriate until the end of August. Compared with 2021, the average cotton flower yield per unit area in China tends to increase.

By the end of August, most of the cotton in Xinjiang, Yellow River and Yangtze river basins were in boll cracking and boll opening stage, the monthly report said. During the month, the average temperature was 28.0 ℃, 1.6 ℃ higher than that of the previous year and the same period of the year; The average sunshine hours were 217.7 hours, 29.4 hours more than the same period of last year and 3.4 hours less than that of the same period of the year; The average precipitation is 68.1 mm, which is 54.6 mm and 36.4 mm less than that of the previous year and the same period of the year. During the month, the high temperature in the first ten days and the low temperature and rain in the middle and late ten days in Xinjiang cotton region had some adverse effects on the growth of cotton bolls and Bolls and boll opening; However, heavy rainfall in some cotton areas in Hebei and Shandong led to the increase of cotton flower and boll drop; In the Yangtze River Basin, high temperature irrigation is unfavorable to cotton yield. From the end of August, the comprehensive climate suitability index of cotton growing areas in China is suitable. Compared with 2021, the average yield per unit area of cotton in China tends to increase.

In the process of cotton growth and development, most of cotton in Xinjiang, Yellow River Basin and Yangtze River Basin were in boll cracking and boll opening stage by the end of August; Most of the cotton growing period is close to the same period of the year or 4-14 days earlier, and the overall growth is better.

In terms of climate, the high temperature in the first ten days and the low temperature and rainy in the middle and late ten days in Xinjiang cotton region had certain adverse effects on the growth of cotton bolls and Bolls and boll opening.

The average monthly temperature in the northwest inland cotton region was 24.8 ℃, which was the same as that in the same period of last year and 0.3 ℃ higher than that in the same period of the year; The monthly sunshine hours were 219.8 hours, which were 60.2 hours and 73.2 hours less than that of the previous year and the same period of the year; The monthly precipitation was 20.9 mm, 13.6 mm and 10.3 mm more than that of the previous year and the same period of the year. In the first ten days of August, periodic high temperature weather occurred in some cotton areas, such as the northern slope of Tianshan Mountains, the central and eastern part of Southern Xinjiang basin, and eastern Xinjiang, which adversely affected the growth of cotton flowers and bolls. At the same time, the continuous high temperature caused the development and spread of diseases and insect pests. The overall occurrence of diseases and insect pests was moderate. The insect pests were slightly heavier than last year (mainly cotton boll pests were more serious than last year), and the disease was lighter than last year. The weather of cotton boll cracking and boll fall off in late August in cotton boll opening area and late August had adverse effects on cotton boll growth.

Compared with 2021, the average yield per unit area of cotton in northwest inland region was the normal year.

The meteorological conditions in most cotton areas of the Yellow River Basin are suitable, which is conducive to cotton flowering and boll setting. However, heavy rainfall in some cotton areas in Hebei and Shandong Province led to the increase of cotton flower and boll drop.

The average monthly temperature of cotton area in the Yellow River Basin was 27.0 ℃, 1.3 ℃ and 1.1 ℃ higher than that of the previous year and the same period of the year; The monthly sunshine hours were 179.9 hours, 1.8 hours more than the same period of last year and 15.2 hours less than that of the same period of the year; The monthly precipitation is 131 mm, which is 18.5 mm and 0.8 mm less than that of the previous year and the same period of the year. Most cotton areas in the Yellow River Basin are suitable for light and heat, and soil moisture is good, which is conducive to cotton flowering and boll setting; However, strong precipitation occurred in Hebei, Shandong and other places in the month, which led to the shedding of some cotton bolls and flowers.

Most of the meteorological conditions in Hebei cotton region were suitable for cotton growth, but the temperature continued to be high from August 1 to 7. The highest temperature in cotton area reached 35 ℃ - 38 ℃, which was unfavorable to cotton in flowering and boll stage. The high temperature also led to the intensification of cotton respiration, the weakening of photosynthesis and the decrease of pollen vitality; From 12 to 15 days, 3-4 days of low light weather appeared in most of Handan and southwest of Xingtai, which had a slight impact on cotton flowering and boll setting; In addition, heavy rainfall occurred in some areas on July 9, 18-19 and 21-22. Among them, the precipitation in the middle and south of Cangzhou, the northern part of Hengshui and most of Xingtai reached more than 100 mm, which led to the shedding of some cotton bolls. The results of field investigation showed that most of the diseases and insect pests in cotton area were less affected than that in the same period last year.

In most of the cotton areas in Shandong Province, the temperature is higher, the precipitation is less, and the light is sufficient. The meteorological conditions are generally favorable for cotton growth. In August, the precipitation in southern Shandong is obviously less. In addition, the temperature is high, and some fields appear light drought in the middle and late August; The results showed that cotton boll yield was more than 30 mm in the southern part of the province, but it was suitable for cotton growing in the southern part of the province.

Compared with 2021, the average cotton yield per unit area in the Yellow River Basin tends to be normal year.

High temperature and drought superimposed in the cotton area of the Yangtze River Basin increased cotton yield in the area with unfavorable irrigation conditions.

The average monthly temperature in the cotton area of the Yangtze River Basin was 30.8 ℃, 3.0 ℃ and 2.8 ℃ higher than that of the previous year and the same period of the year; The monthly sunshine hours were 250.9 hours, 110.7 hours and 51.2 hours more than that of the previous year and the same period of the year; The monthly precipitation was 39.8 mm, 130.4 mm and 98.3 mm less than that of the previous year and the same period of the year. High temperature and drought are superimposed in most cotton areas of the Yangtze River Basin, and the irrigation conditions are deviated. The boll drop in cotton areas increases and the yield increases.

In Hubei cotton area, the temperature is abnormally high, the precipitation is obviously less, the sunshine is more, the cotton growth process is accelerated, the sufficient heat conditions are conducive to cotton boll cracking and boll opening, and the number of peach trees in the area with sufficient irrigation water resources is more than that in the whole year, Under the poor irrigation conditions, the leaves withered and the flowers and bolls fell off, and some fields were damaged by cotton bollworm.

Compared with the average cotton yield area in the Yangtze River Basin from the end of 2021 to the end of 2021, it is more suitable for cotton planting area.

China Cotton Association predicted that the precipitation in most cotton areas of Xinjiang and the Yellow River Basin in September was close to the normal year, and the temperature was close to the same period or high all the year round. The first frost period in Northern Xinjiang was in the middle and late September, which was later than normal. Meteorological conditions were basically favorable for cotton boll opening and picking; Most of the cotton areas in the Yangtze River Basin are warm and rainy, which is favorable for cotton boll cracking and boll opening and harvesting, but it is unfavorable for cotton growth in the area without irrigation.

China cotton association suggested that all cotton areas should pay attention to the late management of cotton fields, timely pruning and removing old leaves, pulling out empty plants, ensuring the ventilation and light transmission of cotton fields, and timely picking cotton bolls, removing moldy peach and rotten peach, so as to improve the quality of cotton; In order to protect the roots and protect the leaves, lengthen the functions of the roots and leaves, and prevent premature senility, it is necessary to apply the flower and boll fertilizer or spray potassium dihydrogen phosphate once to the fields in the Yangtze River Basin. In addition, the control of Fusarium wilt, mirid bug, cotton bollworm, Bemisia tabaci and other diseases and insect pests should be done well in all cotton areas, so as to create favorable conditions for more autumn peach, adult peach, boll weight increasing and boll opening.