Application Of Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry In The Detection Of Ecological Textiles

Since twenty-first Century, the advocacy of "green consumption" and "ecological safety" has attracted more and more attention.

The introduction of the concept of "ecological textiles" is constantly promoting.

1 Determination of formaldehyde

Formaldehyde is one of the widely used reagents in textile finishing process. As a reactant, formaldehyde can improve the durability of auxiliaries in textiles. As a resin processing agent, it can improve the crease resistance and shrinkage resistance of textiles.

Formaldehyde has toxic effects on the protoplasm of biological cells. The release of formaldehyde from textile products during the wearing process will cause strong irritation to human respiratory tract mucosa and skin, and even lead to cancer.

Relevant regulations have been issued both at home and abroad, and the relevant provisions on the determination and content limitation of formaldehyde and free formaldehyde in products are issued.

After the derivatization of hydrogen amine, the free formaldehyde in the fabric was derivatized under certain conditions, and then extracted by ultrasonic extraction with the headspace solid phase microextraction, and then detected by GC-MS selective ion. The limit of detection (formaldehyde detection limit LOD 0.02 mg/kg) and application scope could be determined. This method is suitable for the determination of free formaldehyde in all kinds of single layer or multilayered fabrics, and its accuracy and sensitivity are better than the current spectrophotometric method. Meanwhile, it overcomes the shortcomings of low selectivity, high detection limit, short retention time of color reagent and poor stability of absorbency. It provides a fast and convenient method for the determination of formaldehyde in textiles. Research shows that the use of formaldehyde and five fluorine benzene hydrochloric acid

2 prohibition of azo dyes determination

Banned dyes are mainly sensitized dyes and carcinogenic dyes.

Nearly 210 of the synthetic dyes in the market are azo dyes, which may reduce about 210 kinds of carcinogenic aromatic amines.

Long term studies and clinical trials have shown that under certain conditions, some azo dyes will release aromatic amines with carcinogenic effects. Toxic substances can enter the body through human skin absorption and cause human diseases. Therefore, the detection of banned azo dyes has become an important indicator for the production and evaluation of raw textiles.

Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) is believed to be the most effective method for the detection of banned aromatic amines by virtue of its unique separation ability to compounds, the determination of relative molecular mass, molecular formula and its structural formula, and its high sensitivity.

GB/T 17592.1-1998 "testing method for prohibited azo dyes in textiles" - gas chromatography / mass spectrometry has made relevant provisions on the determination process and content of GC-MS.

3 Determination of pesticide residues

Many kinds of pesticides (such as pesticides and herbicides) are used in the cultivation of natural plant fibers. Most of them are removed during the processing of textiles, but there may still be some residues in the final products.

Although the hazards of pesticides are related to their toxicity and residues, they are easily absorbed by human skin and cause adverse reactions. However, there is no international detection technology and general analysis method for pesticide residues in textiles at present.

Wang Mingtai and other ultrasonic extraction and solid-phase extraction technology have been used to establish 77 GC / MS methods for the detection of pesticide residues in textiles, including 26 organochlorine pesticides, 30 organophosphorus pesticides, 12 pyrethroid pesticides, 8 carbamate pesticides, 1 organic nitrogen pesticides, covering 45 kinds of pesticides (54 species) involved in Oeko-Tex Standard 100 and GB/T 18885 - 2002 ecological textiles technical requirements. Chen Jun successfully applied GC-MS method to detect pesticide residues in ecological textile fabrics such as cotton, linen and wool, and provided an effective means for detecting pesticide residues in textiles.

4 Determination of odor

In the internationally recognized eco Textiles Standard Oeko-Tex Standard 100 and China's mandatory standard GB 18401 – 2003, the basic technical specification for national textile products clearly states that ecological textile products must not have mildew, high boiling oil flavor (such as gasoline, kerosene), fishy smell, aromatic hydrocarbon flavor and fragrance.

Olfactory method is the main method to detect and detect peculiar smell, but there is a large subjective factor in this method.

Because of the different chemical compositions of different odors, the odor can be discriminate according to the difference of fingerprints.

Liu Ying and other solid phase microextraction sampling techniques were used to obtain the fingerprint of each odour by chromatographic analysis. The same odor multiple sampling test has good similarity, providing a preliminary scientific and theoretical basis for fast, automatic and accurate detection of the abnormal odor of textiles.

5 Determination of VOC content

VOCs (Volatile organic compounds) is volatile organic compounds. Inhalation of harmful VOC (such as acetone, toluene, phenol, etc.) can lead to imbalance of immunity level, influence of central nervous system and dizziness.

Oeko-Tex Standard 100 has strict requirements for the limits of volatile and harmful substances in ecological textiles. At present, GC-MS is often used for the determination of VOC content. For example, Zhang Zhuomin and others have established headspace solid phase microextraction coupled with gas chromatography mass spectrometry (HSSPME-GC-MS) for the determination of volatile organic compounds toluene, 4- vinyl cyclohexene, styrene, naphthalene and 1- phenyl cyclohexene. Nie Fengming and others have established a method for determination of styrene content in textiles by headspace solid phase microextraction coupled with gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS).

In addition, GC / MS has also been widely applied to the determination of residual substances such as phthalic acid two ester plasticizer, organophosphorus flame retardant, o-phenyl phenol and 18 organic chlorine carriers in textiles.

With the continuous expansion of the relevant standards such as Oeko-Tex Standard 100 and the continuous maturity of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), it will be more widely applied in the detection of ecological textiles.