Exclusive Dialogue With China Unicom Liu Yongdong: The New Infrastructure Promotes The Charging Pile Of Trillions Of Market.

Liu Yongdong. Data map

The new infrastructure "new" is reflected in the charging facilities, in a word, from the past simple horse race enclosure, to gradually make the charging experience better. Standing at the angle of vehicle owners and users, this problem can be solved so that electric vehicles can be easily and safely charged.

The new energy vehicle charging pile, as one of the seven areas of the new infrastructure, is an important guarantee for the development of new energy vehicle industry. All along, the lack of charging infrastructure is the biggest short board to restrict the rapid development of new energy vehicles. The new infrastructure will force new energy vehicle charging piles to fill short boards, so that the charging piles will move from isolation to interconnection.

As an industry association, China Electric Power Enterprise Association and its electric vehicle and energy storage sub committee undertake the standardization work of China's electric vehicle charging facilities. The standard system of electric vehicle charging facilities has been set up, and 147 standards, including conductive charging, wireless charging and battery replacement, have been planned.

Charging is linked to cars and piles, and many technical requirements need to be integrated. CEC plays the role of spokesperson in charge and battery technology, and the organization operators, industry related equipment manufacturers, and operation units carry out technical exchanges with vehicle manufacturers. They have deep insights into the industry's pain points, future trend and market structure.

After ten years of development, many problems perplexed the whole industry and consumers. For example, the charging experience is not good: long charging time, inconvenient location and inability to achieve interconnection. "These are important reasons for limiting the charging facilities or electric cars to the public. So when it comes to new infrastructure, the industry's more common response is our technology development. We need to focus on user experience to solve this problem. A few days ago, Liu Yongdong, the director of the standardization management center of the China Electric Power Enterprise Federation and vice president of the electric vehicle and energy storage branch, said in an exclusive interview with the economic news reporter in twenty-first Century.

In Liu Yongdong's view, the charging pile industry has been upgraded to one of the seven major areas of the new infrastructure, mainly determined by the charging technology itself, the overall technological change of the industry, the business mode and charging piles as the comprehensive nodes and the close connection of intelligent network, smart city construction, power grid planning and development. "From the past simple horse race enclosure, gradually to make the charging experience better. We should solve this problem from the perspective of owners and users, so that electric vehicles can be easily and safely charged. He looks forward to future charging scenarios.

He also believes that with the growth of the service capacity of single pile, it is unreasonable to plan and build charging piles according to the 1:1 pile ratio established in the past. "Vehicle to pile ratio is only a guide to big data planning, but it can not be a specific planning of a city, nor can it be an assessment index." He said.

In view of the technical line that is often referred to as "slow charging" and "fast charging" as a supplement, Liu Yongdong thinks that the statement is too simple. The charging industry should develop into a charging service system, and different charging needs need different charging technology space to adapt to it. "High power charging first comes to the top end of the long distance mileage of luxury cars and taxis, network and so on, which is very sensitive to charging time commercial models. It really takes me a long time to get to the general public. " He said.

The spontaneous combustion of electric vehicles has attracted much attention in recent years. Liu Yongdong believes that "the core issue is that the battery management system must ensure a scientific, accurate and comprehensive monitoring of the battery state." As far as charging facilities are concerned, what can be done is relatively limited than that of vehicle terminals, such as ensuring electrical safety of charging piles and backup protection when monitoring batteries are full.

Farewell horse racing enclosure charging experience will enhance

The economic report twenty-first Century (hereinafter referred to as twenty-first Century): when you talked about the new infrastructure a few years ago, you thought it would be a large market. Now we will talk about the new capital construction at this time node. No matter from the macro policy, the initiative of the enterprises and operators or ourselves, what new changes do you think there are?

Liu Yongdong: many people ask me that the charging pile is very small. How can the new infrastructure rise to one of the seven fields? In fact, it is a concept: first, it is an infrastructure. In 2015, when the State Council issued the guidance on charging facilities construction, it pointed out that the charging facilities are new infrastructure of the city, which is a big background.

Speaking of "new", this time presents several new characteristics and development trends.

The first is the charging technology itself, which is consistent with 5G, communications and big data analysis technology. For example, the layout of charging pile, the communication technology of charging pile to the background, the analysis and safety analysis of the whole charging operation behavior, in fact, involve other technologies in the new infrastructure.

Second, the core issue is the technological changes in the charging infrastructure industry under the new infrastructure. In the first 10 years, the charging facilities have been built to solve a problem. As long as the pile is completed, the quality of the pile is good, the layout is unreasonable, and the users are inconvenient. That's not the point. The new "new" of the new infrastructure is reflected in the development and transformation of technological development. Now the charging experience is not particularly good: long charging time, inconvenient location and interoperability. These are important reasons for limiting the charging facilities or electric cars to make it easier for the public to accept. So when it comes to new infrastructure, the more common reflection of the industry is our technological development. We need to focus on user experience to solve such problems.

The third is about business mode, because the development of charging facilities industry in the past is a heavy asset development mode. Operators rent a parking space for 3-5 years. They need a lot of investment. Then they buy piles and build piles to run and maintain. But now, we hope to do it together through partnership schemes and private shares sharing. In the final analysis, we should transform to light assets. On the other hand, interconnection and interconnection. We hope to build a net in this area.

There is also a big change trend. Our charging facilities industry is actually a comprehensive node. The charging facilities are small, but they are linked to our cars, urban construction and power grids. The car is now developing towards intelligent network and autonomous driving vehicle. One of the advanced charging technologies is the wireless charging technology, which is closely related to the intelligent charging application and the automatic driving technology of the vehicle. At the same time, the layout of charging piles is actually a part of the city. Why is the utilization rate of charging piles very low now? A big problem is that our layout is unreasonable. The construction of charging facilities should be combined with the construction of our smart city. In addition, the connection between electric vehicles and power grids will require new energy vehicles for new energy vehicles in the future.

So I think the new infrastructure of the new infrastructure is reflected in the charging facilities. In a word, from the past simple horse race enclosure to gradually make the charging experience better. Standing at the angle of vehicle owners and users, this problem can be solved so that electric vehicles can be easily and safely charged.

It is unreasonable to plan charging pile strictly according to vehicle pile ratio.

Twenty-first Century: how do you judge the market size of the charging facilities in the future?

Liu Yongdong: I put forward a trillion scale market size estimation based on the scale of vehicle development, which is a conservative estimate based on the large number of vehicle to pile ratio 2:1. According to the scale of investment, the direct input of the charging pile equipment, the cost of civil engineering and the operation cost is already a trillion market. This does not calculate the high voltage distribution cost and the considerable income of charging service charges, and the excavation of these big data in future.

Twenty-first Century: about the amount of charging piles, is there a clear plan for this country now?

Liu Yongdong: at present, there are only four planning guidelines issued by the ministries and commissions in 2015. This year, we should be preparing to start the revision process. At that time, the vehicle was planned for 5 million vehicles in 2020, and then the pile was 5 million, according to the concept of 1:1.

Twenty-first Century: compared with that target, what is the ratio of vehicle to pile ratio now?

Liu Yongdong: basically, it is far from being realized. Now the car pile ratio is about 3.5:1. In fact, I think the proportion of 1:1 may be slightly positive and advanced in that year. An important factor is based on the understanding at that time and the technological state at that time. The original single pile can only serve a car, and now the single pile service capacity growth, there is no need to match the 1:1. To be exact, I think it must be unreasonable to make detailed planning according to the concept of truck to pile ratio. The scale of China's cities is different, and the difference between the characteristics of each vehicle's demand for charging is too large.

Vehicle pile compatibility and standardization work achieve remarkable results.

Twenty-first Century: do you think fast charging is the future direction?

Liu Yongdong: I think it is probably a little simplistic to say that a technology line based on slow charging and quick charging is a simple way. China's national conditions are very complex. First tier cities and three line cities have their own characteristics. We feel that we should set up a charging service system. Different charging needs need different charging technology space to adapt to it. The first step for high-power charging is the luxury car with high-end long mileage and the commercial vehicle that is very sensitive to charging time. It really takes me a long time to get to the general public. It depends on the maturity of the battery technology and its price.

Twenty-first Century: after years of charging pile foundation construction, what problems have been initially solved?

Liu Yongdong: I think the compatibility of vehicle piles has been gradually improved. Everyone complained before that the car could not be charged to this point, and the problem of vehicle pile compatibility was more prominent. In 2015, following the three ministries and commissions below, we reunified the charging interface standard and the vehicle transformation. In fact, China has built the largest charging service system in the world with the largest radiation area and the largest number of service vehicles. I think this is the biggest achievement.

Here, the standardization work has played a huge role in supporting the foundation. As a unit of the Secretariat of the Standardization Technical Committee, China Telecom has contributed its own strength and pride and glory. In the past, because of the lack of uniform standards, the construction of piles would be very confusing and of poor quality. Now the charging interface is unified, and the acceptance standard of charging pile construction has been established. China has already become one of the technical contents of IEC, and has contributed to China's IEC international standard, including our interface, power exchange and charging service agreement. At the international level, China's views are still more important. We all hope to hear China's attitude and voice in this regard.

The key to charging safety is the accurate monitoring of BMS.

Twenty-first Century: there have been quite a few spontaneous combustion incidents of electric vehicles in recent years, several of which are on fire during charging. Is this related to charging or charging?

Liu Yongdong: I have been emphasizing that the so-called charging fire, it is easy to understand that charging is bad for you, and it is full of fire.

During the charging process, the BMS battery management information system will ask the battery according to the battery state how much current and high voltage the battery needs. The charger will output the corresponding voltage and current according to the information received. In the middle of this process, BMS monitors the temperature rise of batteries at any time. If the temperature rise is found, it will send a signal to the charger, so that the voltage and current must be lowered. Only when conditions are available can we continue to charge. The core problem is that the battery management system must ensure a scientific, accurate and comprehensive monitoring of the battery state.

As for fast charging, there is no absolute value. Slow charging also has this problem, which is determined by the physical properties of batteries. Therefore, the possible cause of electric vehicle charging is that batteries are the first element.

Of course, charging facilities are not matters. First of all, we must ensure electrical safety. For example, we can not leak electricity during charging, and make people electric shock. In fact, we also put forward a concept of backup protection. At the beginning of charging, according to the feedback from the battery information, the charger knows how much electricity the electric vehicle needs. In the middle of the charging process, they will calculate how much electricity they charge. If it is found to be full of theory, if the signal is received again, the charge will stop automatically, which is the charge facilities can do.