Important Experience And Enlightenment Of Industrial Development In Europe, America And Japan

With the acceleration of the process of economic globalization, the 3 major sports industry markets in the United States, the European Community and Japan have been formed in the late twentieth Century.

The 3 major sports industry market

Sales accounted for 73.8% of the world, of which 35.6% were the United States, 21.6% of the European community, and 16.6 of Japan's GDP.

The 2007 EU sports white paper shows that in 2004, the value added of the EU sports industry reached 407 billion euros, accounting for 3.7% of the GDP of the European Union, and 1 employees of sports industry, accounting for 5.4%}z} a of the total number of employment in the EU. In 2008, the scale of the sports industry in the United States reached 441 billion 100 million dollars, and the scale of the Japanese sports industry reached 113 billion 500 million US dollars in the same year. In 2007,

1. Europe: the development mode of intensive oriented sports industry with integration as the core.

Judging from the overall situation of European social and economic development, the convergence of European culture and the development of social imbalance have pushed the European sports industry to a "intensive" development path.

Europe is the cradle of modern civilization. The convergence of culture has created the similarity of European sports. Instead of the balanced social production and the growing material and cultural needs of the people, it has constituted the main contradiction in Europe, which runs through the whole development process of European sports economy.

In order to solve the contradiction of sports economic development in Europe, the development of intensive development in the process of integration has always been a widespread social demand for the development of sports industry in Europe.

2. the US: guided by the innovation driven sports industry development mode.

{page_break}

With the advent of the era of innovation driven economy, the "brain" and "creative" intensive industries have gradually replaced the dominant position of "land" and "labor intensive industries" in economic development.

E. P. Michael, now acknowledged by the global business management community as the "father of competitive strategy", believes that the US entered the stage of innovation driven in the early twentieth Century.

Atkinson and Court clearly explained the imitating effect of the US new economic project.

Contrary to the open professional sports league in Europe, the United States mainly adopts the closed mode. It maintains the balance of alliance competition through reservations, draft system, salary cap and share sharing system, and becomes the focus of the innovation of American professional sports management.

The unique professional sports management mode in the United States has greatly promoted the long-term stability and prosperity of the professional sports industry.

3. Japan: the development mode of catching up and guiding sports industry with structural adjustment as its core.

The rapid development of Japan's economy is closely related to its timely adjustment of its structure.

From the perspective of historical evolution, Japan is one of the fastest reforming countries in the economic structure.

After World War II, the Japanese economy was completely paralyzed and brought profound crisis to national life.

In order to get rid of the economic crisis, Japan aims to catch up with Europe and the United States, and gradually gets rid of the extensive economic development mode of "high investment, high export and low consumption", and the sports industry has been gradually realized in the economic structural adjustment.

And upgrading, the industrial efficiency is rising linearly.

In 2003, the output value of sports industry quickly reached 90 thousand and 6 371 billion yen (about 83 billion 380 million US dollars). In 2008, the output value of sports industry increased by 36.12% compared with 2003, with an average annual growth rate of 7.2% and strong potential.

Revelation:

From the perspective of the evolution process of sports industry development, whether intensive guidance oriented European model, leading oriented American model or catching up and overtaking oriented Japanese mode, all present certain stages and personalization characteristics, which are mainly restricted by the objective conditions such as economy, society and culture at that time.

from

The trajectory of development is that the United States pursues a policy path of liberalization and a high degree of industrial freedom. Europe pursues a policy of gradual convergence of industrial integration and a relatively high degree of industrial openness.

From the perspective of industrial functions, the United States recognised the particularity of sports and was more inclined to the sports squeeze function. In Europe, the goal of integration based on common ideas fully respected the social and cultural functions of sports; Japan was more inclined to strike a balance between the sports market and the two threads of social and cultural potential.